Iron ores are naturally occurring rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be extracted. There are four primary types of iron ore deposits: massive hematite, which is the most commonly mined, alongside magnetite, titan magnetite, and pisolitic ironstone. These ores exhibit a range of colors, including dark grey, deep purple, rusty red, and bright yellow. Iron comprises approximately 95% of all metals utilized by modern industrial society, with nearly 98% of iron ore being employed in the production of steel. Additionally, iron chloride and iron nitrite serve as mordants and industrial reagents in the manufacturing of various types of inks. Iron sulphate is applied as a fungicide, while iron carbonyl functions as a catalyst in numerous chemical reactions.
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